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47 files changed, 2358 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista7/zad7.ll b/Semestr 4/ask/lista7/zad7.ll
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a99e8d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista7/zad7.ll
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+; ModuleID = 'zad7.cpp'
+source_filename = "zad7.cpp"
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+target triple = "x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
+
+%struct.Base = type <{ i32 (...)**, i32, [4 x i8] }>
+%struct.Derived = type { %struct.Base.base, [4 x i8] }
+%struct.Base.base = type <{ i32 (...)**, i32 }>
+
+$_ZN4BaseC1Ei = comdat any
+
+$_ZN7DerivedC1Ei = comdat any
+
+$_ZN4BaseC2Ei = comdat any
+
+$_ZN4Base4doitEi = comdat any
+
+$_ZN7DerivedC2Ei = comdat any
+
+$_ZN7Derived4doitEi = comdat any
+
+$_ZTV4Base = comdat any
+
+$_ZTS4Base = comdat any
+
+$_ZTI4Base = comdat any
+
+$_ZTV7Derived = comdat any
+
+$_ZTS7Derived = comdat any
+
+$_ZTI7Derived = comdat any
+
+@_ZTV4Base = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { [3 x i8*] } { [3 x i8*] [i8* null, i8* bitcast ({ i8*, i8* }* @_ZTI4Base to i8*), i8* bitcast (i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)* @_ZN4Base4doitEi to i8*)] }, comdat, align 8
+@_ZTVN10__cxxabiv117__class_type_infoE = external global i8*
+@_ZTS4Base = linkonce_odr constant [6 x i8] c"4Base\00", comdat, align 1
+@_ZTI4Base = linkonce_odr constant { i8*, i8* } { i8* bitcast (i8** getelementptr inbounds (i8*, i8** @_ZTVN10__cxxabiv117__class_type_infoE, i64 2) to i8*), i8* getelementptr inbounds ([6 x i8], [6 x i8]* @_ZTS4Base, i32 0, i32 0) }, comdat, align 8
+@_ZTV7Derived = linkonce_odr unnamed_addr constant { [3 x i8*] } { [3 x i8*] [i8* null, i8* bitcast ({ i8*, i8*, i8* }* @_ZTI7Derived to i8*), i8* bitcast (i32 (%struct.Derived*, i32)* @_ZN7Derived4doitEi to i8*)] }, comdat, align 8
+@_ZTVN10__cxxabiv120__si_class_type_infoE = external global i8*
+@_ZTS7Derived = linkonce_odr constant [9 x i8] c"7Derived\00", comdat, align 1
+@_ZTI7Derived = linkonce_odr constant { i8*, i8*, i8* } { i8* bitcast (i8** getelementptr inbounds (i8*, i8** @_ZTVN10__cxxabiv120__si_class_type_infoE, i64 2) to i8*), i8* getelementptr inbounds ([9 x i8], [9 x i8]* @_ZTS7Derived, i32 0, i32 0), i8* bitcast ({ i8*, i8* }* @_ZTI4Base to i8*) }, comdat, align 8
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define i32 @_Z4doitP4Base(%struct.Base* %bp) #0 {
+entry:
+  %bp.addr = alloca %struct.Base*, align 8
+  store %struct.Base* %bp, %struct.Base** %bp.addr, align 8
+  %0 = load %struct.Base*, %struct.Base** %bp.addr, align 8
+  %1 = bitcast %struct.Base* %0 to i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)***
+  %vtable = load i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)**, i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)*** %1, align 8
+  %vfn = getelementptr inbounds i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)*, i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)** %vtable, i64 0
+  %2 = load i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)*, i32 (%struct.Base*, i32)** %vfn, align 8
+  %call = call i32 %2(%struct.Base* %0, i32 1)
+  ret i32 %call
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline norecurse nounwind optnone
+define i32 @main(i32 %argc, i8** %argv) #1 {
+entry:
+  %retval = alloca i32, align 4
+  %argc.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  %argv.addr = alloca i8**, align 8
+  %b = alloca %struct.Base, align 8
+  %d = alloca %struct.Derived, align 8
+  store i32 0, i32* %retval, align 4
+  store i32 %argc, i32* %argc.addr, align 4
+  store i8** %argv, i8*** %argv.addr, align 8
+  call void @_ZN4BaseC1Ei(%struct.Base* %b, i32 10)
+  call void @_ZN7DerivedC1Ei(%struct.Derived* %d, i32 20)
+  %call = call i32 @_Z4doitP4Base(%struct.Base* %b)
+  %0 = bitcast %struct.Derived* %d to %struct.Base*
+  %call1 = call i32 @_Z4doitP4Base(%struct.Base* %0)
+  %add = add nsw i32 %call, %call1
+  ret i32 %add
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr void @_ZN4BaseC1Ei(%struct.Base* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Base*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Base* %this, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Base*, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  call void @_ZN4BaseC2Ei(%struct.Base* %this1, i32 %0)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr void @_ZN7DerivedC1Ei(%struct.Derived* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Derived*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Derived* %this, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Derived*, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  call void @_ZN7DerivedC2Ei(%struct.Derived* %this1, i32 %0)
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr void @_ZN4BaseC2Ei(%struct.Base* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Base*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Base* %this, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Base*, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = bitcast %struct.Base* %this1 to i32 (...)***
+  store i32 (...)** bitcast (i8** getelementptr inbounds ({ [3 x i8*] }, { [3 x i8*] }* @_ZTV4Base, i32 0, inrange i32 0, i32 2) to i32 (...)**), i32 (...)*** %0, align 8
+  %data = getelementptr inbounds %struct.Base, %struct.Base* %this1, i32 0, i32 1
+  %1 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  store i32 %1, i32* %data, align 8
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr i32 @_ZN4Base4doitEi(%struct.Base* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Base*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Base* %this, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Base*, %struct.Base** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %data = getelementptr inbounds %struct.Base, %struct.Base* %this1, i32 0, i32 1
+  %1 = load i32, i32* %data, align 8
+  %sub = sub nsw i32 %0, %1
+  ret i32 %sub
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr void @_ZN7DerivedC2Ei(%struct.Derived* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Derived*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Derived* %this, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Derived*, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = bitcast %struct.Derived* %this1 to %struct.Base*
+  %1 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %add = add nsw i32 %1, 1
+  call void @_ZN4BaseC2Ei(%struct.Base* %0, i32 %add)
+  %2 = bitcast %struct.Derived* %this1 to i32 (...)***
+  store i32 (...)** bitcast (i8** getelementptr inbounds ({ [3 x i8*] }, { [3 x i8*] }* @_ZTV7Derived, i32 0, inrange i32 0, i32 2) to i32 (...)**), i32 (...)*** %2, align 8
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone
+define linkonce_odr i32 @_ZN7Derived4doitEi(%struct.Derived* %this, i32 %n) unnamed_addr #0 comdat align 2 {
+entry:
+  %this.addr = alloca %struct.Derived*, align 8
+  %n.addr = alloca i32, align 4
+  store %struct.Derived* %this, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  store i32 %n, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %this1 = load %struct.Derived*, %struct.Derived** %this.addr, align 8
+  %0 = load i32, i32* %n.addr, align 4
+  %1 = bitcast %struct.Derived* %this1 to %struct.Base*
+  %data = getelementptr inbounds %struct.Base, %struct.Base* %1, i32 0, i32 1
+  %2 = load i32, i32* %data, align 8
+  %mul = mul nsw i32 %0, %2
+  ret i32 %mul
+}
+
+attributes #0 = { noinline nounwind optnone "correctly-rounded-divide-sqrt-fp-math"="false" "disable-tail-calls"="false" "frame-pointer"="none" "less-precise-fpmad"="false" "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-infs-fp-math"="false" "no-jump-tables"="false" "no-nans-fp-math"="false" "no-signed-zeros-fp-math"="false" "no-trapping-math"="false" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-features"="+cx8,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "unsafe-fp-math"="false" "use-soft-float"="false" }
+attributes #1 = { noinline norecurse nounwind optnone "correctly-rounded-divide-sqrt-fp-math"="false" "disable-tail-calls"="false" "frame-pointer"="none" "less-precise-fpmad"="false" "min-legal-vector-width"="0" "no-infs-fp-math"="false" "no-jump-tables"="false" "no-nans-fp-math"="false" "no-signed-zeros-fp-math"="false" "no-trapping-math"="false" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-features"="+cx8,+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+x87" "unsafe-fp-math"="false" "use-soft-float"="false" }
+
+!llvm.module.flags = !{!0}
+!llvm.ident = !{!1}
+
+!0 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 4}
+!1 = !{!"clang version 10.0.0-4ubuntu1 "}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/._lista_8 b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/._lista_8
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..893436c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/._lista_8
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/ask21_lista_8.tgz b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/ask21_lista_8.tgz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..789c9af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/ask21_lista_8.tgz
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/bar.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/bar.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97fbd4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/bar.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// extern long foo;
+
+int bar = 42;
+// long *foo_p = &foo;
+short dead[15];
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/even.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/even.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bf8606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/even.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+int is_odd(long n);
+
+int is_even(long n) {
+  if (n == 0)
+    return 1;
+  else
+    return is_odd(n - 1);
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/foo.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/foo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..080d831
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/foo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// extern int bar;
+
+long foo = 19;
+// int *bar_p = &bar;
+char code[17];
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/lazy.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/lazy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb08cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/lazy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(void) {
+  puts("first time");
+  puts("second time");
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/main.lds b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/main.lds
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25a4ca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/main.lds
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+OUTPUT_FORMAT("elf64-x86-64")
+OUTPUT_ARCH(i386:x86-64)
+ENTRY(_start)
+PHDRS
+{
+  code   PT_LOAD FLAGS(5);
+  rodata PT_LOAD FLAGS(4);
+  data   PT_LOAD FLAGS(6);
+}
+SECTIONS
+{
+  . = 0x400000 + SIZEOF_HEADERS;
+
+  .text :
+  {
+    *(.text .text.*)
+  } : code
+
+  .rodata :
+  {
+    *(.rodata .rodata.*)
+  } : rodata
+
+  .data : 
+  {
+    *(.data .data.*)
+  } : data
+
+  .bss :
+  {
+   *(.bss .bss.*)
+   *(COMMON)
+  } : data
+
+  /DISCARD/ :
+  {
+    *(.note.gnu.property)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-1.map b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-1.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e93e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-1.map
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+
+Merging program properties
+
+
+Discarded input sections
+
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 bar.o
+
+Memory Configuration
+
+Name             Origin             Length             Attributes
+*default*        0x0000000000000000 0xffffffffffffffff
+
+Linker script and memory map
+
+LOAD foo.o
+LOAD bar.o
+
+.interp
+ *(.interp)
+
+.note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 foo.o
+
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+.rela.ifunc
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+.rela.plt
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+.init
+ *(SORT_NONE(.init))
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+.plt
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+.plt.got
+ *(.plt.got)
+
+.plt.sec
+ *(.plt.sec)
+
+.text           0x0000000000000000        0x0
+ *(.text .stub)
+ .text          0x0000000000000000        0x0 foo.o
+ .text          0x0000000000000000        0x0 bar.o
+ *(.gnu.warning)
+
+.fini
+ *(SORT_NONE(.fini))
+
+.rodata
+ *(.rodata)
+
+.rodata1
+ *(.rodata1)
+
+.eh_frame_hdr
+ *(.eh_frame_hdr)
+
+.eh_frame
+ *(.eh_frame)
+
+.gcc_except_table
+ *(.gcc_except_table)
+
+.gnu_extab
+ *(.gnu_extab*)
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+.exception_ranges
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+
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+.got.plt
+ *(.got.plt)
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+.data           0x0000000000000000        0xc
+ *(.data)
+ .data          0x0000000000000000        0x8 foo.o
+                0x0000000000000000                foo
+ .data          0x0000000000000008        0x4 bar.o
+                0x0000000000000008                bar
+
+.data1
+ *(.data1)
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+ .bss           0x0000000000000000       0x11 foo.o
+                0x0000000000000000                code
+ *fill*         0x0000000000000011        0xf 
+ .bss           0x0000000000000020       0x1e bar.o
+                0x0000000000000020                dead
+
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+ .comment       0x000000000000002b       0x2b bar.o
+
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+                0x0000000000000000        0x0
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+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 foo.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
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+
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+OUTPUT(merge-1.o elf64-x86-64)
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-2.map b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-2.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2677803
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/merge-2.map
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+
+Merging program properties
+
+
+Discarded input sections
+
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 foo.o
+
+Memory Configuration
+
+Name             Origin             Length             Attributes
+*default*        0x0000000000000000 0xffffffffffffffff
+
+Linker script and memory map
+
+LOAD bar.o
+LOAD foo.o
+
+.interp
+ *(.interp)
+
+.note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 bar.o
+
+.note.gnu.build-id
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+
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+
+.init
+ *(SORT_NONE(.init))
+
+.plt
+ *(.plt)
+
+.plt.got
+ *(.plt.got)
+
+.plt.sec
+ *(.plt.sec)
+
+.text           0x0000000000000000        0x0
+ *(.text .stub)
+ .text          0x0000000000000000        0x0 bar.o
+ .text          0x0000000000000000        0x0 foo.o
+ *(.gnu.warning)
+
+.fini
+ *(SORT_NONE(.fini))
+
+.rodata
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+
+.rodata1
+ *(.rodata1)
+
+.eh_frame_hdr
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+
+.eh_frame
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+
+.gcc_except_table
+ *(.gcc_except_table)
+
+.gnu_extab
+ *(.gnu_extab*)
+
+.exception_ranges
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+
+.eh_frame
+ *(.eh_frame)
+
+.gnu_extab
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+
+.gcc_except_table
+ *(.gcc_except_table)
+
+.exception_ranges
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+ *(.tbss)
+
+.jcr
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+.dynamic
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+.got.plt
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+.data           0x0000000000000000       0x10
+ *(.data)
+ .data          0x0000000000000000        0x4 bar.o
+                0x0000000000000000                bar
+ *fill*         0x0000000000000004        0x4 
+ .data          0x0000000000000008        0x8 foo.o
+                0x0000000000000008                foo
+
+.data1
+ *(.data1)
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+.bss            0x0000000000000000       0x31
+ *(.bss)
+ .bss           0x0000000000000000       0x1e bar.o
+                0x0000000000000000                dead
+ *fill*         0x000000000000001e        0x2 
+ .bss           0x0000000000000020       0x11 foo.o
+                0x0000000000000020                code
+
+.lbss
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+
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+ *(.comment)
+ .comment       0x0000000000000000       0x2b bar.o
+ .comment       0x000000000000002b       0x2b foo.o
+
+.note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 bar.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 foo.o
+
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+ *(.gnu.build.attributes)
+
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+ *(.debug_line)
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+ *(.debug_addr)
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+OUTPUT(merge-2.o elf64-x86-64)
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-a.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-a.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39436f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-a.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/* mismatch-a.c */
+void p2(void);
+
+int main() {
+  p2();
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-b.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-b.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..451d5b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/mismatch-b.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/* mismatch-b.c */
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+char main;
+
+void p2() {
+  printf("0x%x\n", main);
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/odd.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/odd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c32961e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/odd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+int is_even(long n);
+
+int is_odd(long n) {
+  if (n == 0)
+    return 0;
+  else
+    return is_even(n - 1);
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/relo3.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/relo3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6aca7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/relo3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+int relo3(int val) {
+  switch (val) {
+    case 100:
+      return val;
+    case 101:
+      return val + 1;
+    case 103:
+    case 104:
+      return val + 3;
+    case 105:
+      return val + 5;
+    default:
+      return val + 6;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/start.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/start.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a875ace
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/start.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+int is_even(long);
+
+void _start(void) {
+  asm volatile(
+    "syscall"
+    : /* no output */
+    : "a" (0x3c), "D" (is_even(42)));
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-a.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-a.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b0fb36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-a.c
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+char *somestr(void);
+
+int main(void) {
+  char *s = somestr();
+  s[5] = '\0';
+  puts(s);
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-b.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-b.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50101cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/str-b.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+char *somestr(void) {
+  char *buf = malloc(sizeof("Hello, world!"));
+  strcpy(buf, "Hello, world!");  
+  return buf;
+}
+
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/swap.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/swap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1966fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista8/swap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+extern int buf[];
+
+int *bufp0 = &buf[0];
+static int *bufp1;
+
+static void incr() {
+  static int count = 0;
+  count++;
+}
+
+void swap() {
+  int temp;
+  incr();
+  bufp1 = &buf[1];
+  temp = *bufp0;
+  *bufp0 = *bufp1;
+  *bufp1 = temp;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/gadget.s b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/gadget.s
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d60a63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/gadget.s
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+        .global gadget
+
+        .text
+
+# rax: 0x3c
+# rdi: 0
+# rdx: {NULL, ...}
+# rsi: path + '\n'
+gadget:
+        dec     %rax            # rax: 0x3c -> 0x3b (sys_execve)
+        mov     %rdx, %rsi      # rsi: argv = {NULL}
+        mov     %rdi, %rdx      # rdx: envp = NULL
+        lea     16(%rsp),%rdi   # rdi: path
+        ret
+
+# vim: ft=gas
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lazy.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lazy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb08cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lazy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main(void) {
+  puts("first time");
+  puts("second time");
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lista_9.tgz b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lista_9.tgz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e5c6f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/lista_9.tgz
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/relo3.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/relo3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6aca7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/relo3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+int relo3(int val) {
+  switch (val) {
+    case 100:
+      return val;
+    case 101:
+      return val + 1;
+    case 103:
+    case 104:
+      return val + 3;
+    case 105:
+      return val + 5;
+    default:
+      return val + 6;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbeae12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* Get string from stdin */
+void readline(FILE *in, char *p) {
+  int c;
+  while (true) {
+    c = fgetc(in);
+    if (c == EOF || c == '\n')
+      break;
+    *p++ = c;
+  }
+  *p = '\0';
+} 
+
+void echo(FILE *in) {
+  char buf[48];
+  readline(in, buf);
+  puts(buf);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  FILE *in = NULL;
+  if (argc == 2)
+    in = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
+  if (in == NULL)
+    in = stdin;
+  echo(in);
+  return 0;
+} 
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in (1).txt b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in (1).txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..902773e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in (1).txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+00000000: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000010: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000020: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000030: dead c0de dead c0de 731c 4000 0000 0000  ................
+00000040: f422 4000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
+00000050: 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f70 7974 686f 6e32  /usr/bin/python2
+00000060: 000a                                     ................
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in.txt b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8deabfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.in.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+00000000: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000010: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000020: dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de dead c0de  ................
+00000030: dead c0de dead c0de 671d 4000 0000 0000  ................
+00000040: 8e44 4900 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
+00000050: 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f6e 7961 6e63 6174  /usr/bin/nyancat
+00000060: 000a                                     ................
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.map b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bd12a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/ropex.map
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+Archive member included to satisfy reference by file (symbol)
+
+/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+                              /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o (__libc_csu_init)
+
+Merging program properties
+
+Removed property 0xc0000002 to merge /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o (0x3) and gadget.o (not found)
+Removed property 0xc0000002 to merge /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o (not found) and /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS) (0x3)
+Removed property 0xc0000002 to merge /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o (not found) and /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o (0x3)
+Removed property 0xc0000002 to merge /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o (not found) and /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o (0x3)
+
+As-needed library included to satisfy reference by file (symbol)
+
+libc.so.6                     ropex.o (fopen@@GLIBC_2.2.5)
+
+Discarded input sections
+
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 ropex.o
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 ropex.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+ .note.gnu.property
+                0x0000000000000000       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
+ .note.GNU-stack
+                0x0000000000000000        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
+
+Memory Configuration
+
+Name             Origin             Length             Attributes
+*default*        0x0000000000000000 0xffffffffffffffff
+
+Linker script and memory map
+
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+LOAD ropex.o
+LOAD gadget.o
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc.a
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc_s.so
+START GROUP
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc.a
+END GROUP
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so
+START GROUP
+LOAD /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6
+LOAD /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a
+LOAD /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
+END GROUP
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc.a
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc_s.so
+START GROUP
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/libgcc.a
+END GROUP
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+LOAD /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__executable_start = SEGMENT_START ("text-segment", 0x0))
+                0x00000000000002a8                . = (SEGMENT_START ("text-segment", 0x0) + SIZEOF_HEADERS)
+
+.interp         0x00000000000002a8       0x1c
+ *(.interp)
+ .interp        0x00000000000002a8       0x1c /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.note.gnu.build-id
+                0x00000000000002c4       0x24
+ *(.note.gnu.build-id)
+ .note.gnu.build-id
+                0x00000000000002c4       0x24 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.note.ABI-tag   0x00000000000002e8       0x20
+ .note.ABI-tag  0x00000000000002e8       0x20 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.hash
+ *(.hash)
+
+.gnu.hash       0x0000000000000308       0x28
+ *(.gnu.hash)
+ .gnu.hash      0x0000000000000308       0x28 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.dynsym         0x0000000000000330      0x108
+ *(.dynsym)
+ .dynsym        0x0000000000000330      0x108 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.dynstr         0x0000000000000438       0xaf
+ *(.dynstr)
+ .dynstr        0x0000000000000438       0xaf /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.gnu.version    0x00000000000004e8       0x16
+ *(.gnu.version)
+ .gnu.version   0x00000000000004e8       0x16 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.gnu.version_d  0x0000000000000500        0x0
+ *(.gnu.version_d)
+ .gnu.version_d
+                0x0000000000000500        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.gnu.version_r  0x0000000000000500       0x30
+ *(.gnu.version_r)
+ .gnu.version_r
+                0x0000000000000500       0x30 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.rela.dyn       0x0000000000000530       0xd8
+ *(.rela.init)
+ *(.rela.text .rela.text.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
+ .rela.text     0x0000000000000530        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.rela.fini)
+ *(.rela.rodata .rela.rodata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.r.*)
+ *(.rela.data .rela.data.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.d.*)
+ .rela.data.rel.ro
+                0x0000000000000530        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .rela.data.rel.local
+                0x0000000000000530       0x18 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.rela.tdata .rela.tdata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.td.*)
+ *(.rela.tbss .rela.tbss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.tb.*)
+ *(.rela.ctors)
+ *(.rela.dtors)
+ *(.rela.got)
+ .rela.got      0x0000000000000548       0x78 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.rela.bss .rela.bss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.b.*)
+ .rela.bss      0x00000000000005c0       0x18 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.rela.ldata .rela.ldata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.l.*)
+ *(.rela.lbss .rela.lbss.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.lb.*)
+ *(.rela.lrodata .rela.lrodata.* .rela.gnu.linkonce.lr.*)
+ *(.rela.ifunc)
+ .rela.ifunc    0x00000000000005d8        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .rela.fini_array
+                0x00000000000005d8       0x18 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .rela.init_array
+                0x00000000000005f0       0x18 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.rela.plt       0x0000000000000608       0x60
+ *(.rela.plt)
+ .rela.plt      0x0000000000000608       0x60 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.rela.iplt)
+                0x0000000000001000                . = ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE))
+
+.init           0x0000000000001000       0x1b
+ *(SORT_NONE(.init))
+ .init          0x0000000000001000       0x16 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+                0x0000000000001000                _init
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+
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+                0x0000000000001040                __stack_chk_fail@@GLIBC_2.4
+                0x0000000000001050                fgetc@@GLIBC_2.2.5
+                0x0000000000001060                fopen@@GLIBC_2.2.5
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+                0x0000000000001070                __cxa_finalize@@GLIBC_2.2.5
+
+.plt.sec
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+
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+ *(.text.unlikely .text.*_unlikely .text.unlikely.*)
+ *(.text.exit .text.exit.*)
+ *(.text.startup .text.startup.*)
+ *(.text.hot .text.hot.*)
+ *(SORT_BY_NAME(.text.sorted.*))
+ *(.text .stub .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t.*)
+ .text          0x0000000000001080       0x2f /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                0x0000000000001080                _start
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+                0x00000000000011e7                main
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+ .text          0x00000000000012b5        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
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+
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+ .fini          0x00000000000012c0        0x5 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
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+
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+                0x0000000000002000                _IO_stdin_used
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+
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+                0x0000000000002008                __GNU_EH_FRAME_HDR
+ *(.eh_frame_entry .eh_frame_entry.*)
+
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+                                         0x2c (size before relaxing)
+ *fill*         0x0000000000002070        0x0 
+ .eh_frame      0x0000000000002070       0x28 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                                         0x40 (size before relaxing)
+ .eh_frame      0x0000000000002098       0x18 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                                         0x30 (size before relaxing)
+ .eh_frame      0x00000000000020b0       0x5c /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+                                         0x78 (size before relaxing)
+ .eh_frame      0x000000000000210c        0x4 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+ *(.eh_frame.*)
+
+.gcc_except_table
+ *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
+
+.gnu_extab
+ *(.gnu_extab*)
+
+.exception_ranges
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+                0x0000000000003da0                . = DATA_SEGMENT_ALIGN (CONSTANT (MAXPAGESIZE), CONSTANT (COMMONPAGESIZE))
+
+.eh_frame
+ *(.eh_frame)
+ *(.eh_frame.*)
+
+.gnu_extab
+ *(.gnu_extab)
+
+.gcc_except_table
+ *(.gcc_except_table .gcc_except_table.*)
+
+.exception_ranges
+ *(.exception_ranges*)
+
+.tdata          0x0000000000003da0        0x0
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__tdata_start = .)
+ *(.tdata .tdata.* .gnu.linkonce.td.*)
+
+.tbss
+ *(.tbss .tbss.* .gnu.linkonce.tb.*)
+ *(.tcommon)
+
+.preinit_array  0x0000000000003da0        0x0
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_start = .)
+ *(.preinit_array)
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__preinit_array_end = .)
+
+.init_array     0x0000000000003da0        0x8
+                0x0000000000003da0                PROVIDE (__init_array_start = .)
+ *(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.init_array.*) SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.ctors.*))
+ *(.init_array EXCLUDE_FILE(*crtend?.o *crtend.o *crtbegin?.o *crtbegin.o) .ctors)
+ .init_array    0x0000000000003da0        0x8 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+                0x0000000000003da8                PROVIDE (__init_array_end = .)
+
+.fini_array     0x0000000000003da8        0x8
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__fini_array_start = .)
+ *(SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.fini_array.*) SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY(.dtors.*))
+ *(.fini_array EXCLUDE_FILE(*crtend?.o *crtend.o *crtbegin?.o *crtbegin.o) .dtors)
+ .fini_array    0x0000000000003da8        0x8 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (__fini_array_end = .)
+
+.ctors
+ *crtbegin.o(.ctors)
+ *crtbegin?.o(.ctors)
+ *(EXCLUDE_FILE(*crtend?.o *crtend.o) .ctors)
+ *(SORT_BY_NAME(.ctors.*))
+ *(.ctors)
+
+.dtors
+ *crtbegin.o(.dtors)
+ *crtbegin?.o(.dtors)
+ *(EXCLUDE_FILE(*crtend?.o *crtend.o) .dtors)
+ *(SORT_BY_NAME(.dtors.*))
+ *(.dtors)
+
+.jcr
+ *(.jcr)
+
+.data.rel.ro    0x0000000000003db0        0x0
+ *(.data.rel.ro.local* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.local.*)
+ *(.data.rel.ro .data.rel.ro.* .gnu.linkonce.d.rel.ro.*)
+ .data.rel.ro   0x0000000000003db0        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+
+.dynamic        0x0000000000003db0      0x1f0
+ *(.dynamic)
+ .dynamic       0x0000000000003db0      0x1f0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                0x0000000000003db0                _DYNAMIC
+
+.got            0x0000000000003fa0       0x60
+ *(.got.plt)
+ .got.plt       0x0000000000003fa0       0x38 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                0x0000000000003fa0                _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
+ *(.igot.plt)
+ *(.got)
+ .got           0x0000000000003fd8       0x28 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ *(.igot)
+                0x0000000000004000                . = DATA_SEGMENT_RELRO_END (., 0x0)
+
+.data           0x0000000000004000       0x10
+ *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d.*)
+ .data          0x0000000000004000        0x4 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                0x0000000000004000                data_start
+                0x0000000000004000                __data_start
+ .data          0x0000000000004004        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+ .data          0x0000000000004004        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+ *fill*         0x0000000000004004        0x4 
+ .data.rel.local
+                0x0000000000004008        0x8 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+                0x0000000000004008                __dso_handle
+ .data          0x0000000000004010        0x0 ropex.o
+ .data          0x0000000000004010        0x0 gadget.o
+ .data          0x0000000000004010        0x0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+ .data          0x0000000000004010        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+ .data          0x0000000000004010        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
+
+.tm_clone_table
+                0x0000000000004010        0x0
+ .tm_clone_table
+                0x0000000000004010        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+ .tm_clone_table
+                0x0000000000004010        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+
+.data1
+ *(.data1)
+                0x0000000000004010                _edata = .
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (edata = .)
+                0x0000000000004010                . = .
+                0x0000000000004010                __bss_start = .
+
+.bss            0x0000000000004010       0x10
+ *(.dynbss)
+ *fill*         0x0000000000004010        0x0 
+ .dynbss        0x0000000000004010        0x8 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+                0x0000000000004010                stdin@@GLIBC_2.2.5
+ *(.bss .bss.* .gnu.linkonce.b.*)
+ .bss           0x0000000000004018        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/Scrt1.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004018        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crti.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004018        0x1 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004019        0x0 ropex.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004019        0x0 gadget.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004019        0x0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a(elf-init.oS)
+ .bss           0x0000000000004019        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+ .bss           0x0000000000004019        0x0 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/crtn.o
+ *(COMMON)
+                0x0000000000004020                . = ALIGN ((. != 0x0)?0x8:0x1)
+ *fill*         0x0000000000004019        0x7 
+
+.lbss
+ *(.dynlbss)
+ *(.lbss .lbss.* .gnu.linkonce.lb.*)
+ *(LARGE_COMMON)
+                0x0000000000004020                . = ALIGN (0x8)
+                0x0000000000004020                . = SEGMENT_START ("ldata-segment", .)
+
+.lrodata
+ *(.lrodata .lrodata.* .gnu.linkonce.lr.*)
+
+.ldata          0x0000000000006020        0x0
+ *(.ldata .ldata.* .gnu.linkonce.l.*)
+                0x0000000000006020                . = ALIGN ((. != 0x0)?0x8:0x1)
+                0x0000000000006020                . = ALIGN (0x8)
+                0x0000000000004020                _end = .
+                [!provide]                        PROVIDE (end = .)
+                0x0000000000006020                . = DATA_SEGMENT_END (.)
+
+.stab
+ *(.stab)
+
+.stabstr
+ *(.stabstr)
+
+.stab.excl
+ *(.stab.excl)
+
+.stab.exclstr
+ *(.stab.exclstr)
+
+.stab.index
+ *(.stab.index)
+
+.stab.indexstr
+ *(.stab.indexstr)
+
+.comment        0x0000000000000000       0x2a
+ *(.comment)
+ .comment       0x0000000000000000       0x2a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtbeginS.o
+                                         0x2b (size before relaxing)
+ .comment       0x000000000000002a       0x2b ropex.o
+ .comment       0x000000000000002a       0x2b /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/crtendS.o
+
+.gnu.build.attributes
+ *(.gnu.build.attributes .gnu.build.attributes.*)
+
+.debug
+ *(.debug)
+
+.line
+ *(.line)
+
+.debug_srcinfo
+ *(.debug_srcinfo)
+
+.debug_sfnames
+ *(.debug_sfnames)
+
+.debug_aranges  0x0000000000000000       0x30
+ *(.debug_aranges)
+ .debug_aranges
+                0x0000000000000000       0x30 ropex.o
+
+.debug_pubnames
+ *(.debug_pubnames)
+
+.debug_info     0x0000000000000000      0x49e
+ *(.debug_info .gnu.linkonce.wi.*)
+ .debug_info    0x0000000000000000      0x49e ropex.o
+
+.debug_abbrev   0x0000000000000000      0x19b
+ *(.debug_abbrev)
+ .debug_abbrev  0x0000000000000000      0x19b ropex.o
+
+.debug_line     0x0000000000000000      0x188
+ *(.debug_line .debug_line.* .debug_line_end)
+ .debug_line    0x0000000000000000      0x188 ropex.o
+
+.debug_frame    0x0000000000000000       0xa8
+ *(.debug_frame)
+ .debug_frame   0x0000000000000000       0xa8 ropex.o
+
+.debug_str      0x0000000000000000      0x2f4
+ *(.debug_str)
+ .debug_str     0x0000000000000000      0x2f4 ropex.o
+                                        0x333 (size before relaxing)
+
+.debug_loc      0x0000000000000000      0x254
+ *(.debug_loc)
+ .debug_loc     0x0000000000000000      0x254 ropex.o
+
+.debug_macinfo
+ *(.debug_macinfo)
+
+.debug_weaknames
+ *(.debug_weaknames)
+
+.debug_funcnames
+ *(.debug_funcnames)
+
+.debug_typenames
+ *(.debug_typenames)
+
+.debug_varnames
+ *(.debug_varnames)
+
+.debug_pubtypes
+ *(.debug_pubtypes)
+
+.debug_ranges
+ *(.debug_ranges)
+
+.debug_macro
+ *(.debug_macro)
+
+.debug_addr
+ *(.debug_addr)
+
+.gnu.attributes
+ *(.gnu.attributes)
+
+/DISCARD/
+ *(.note.GNU-stack)
+ *(.gnu_debuglink)
+ *(.gnu.lto_*)
+OUTPUT(ropex elf64-x86-64)
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.c b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1dae111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+void foobar() {}
+
+static const struct {
+  char a[3]; int b; long c; float pi;
+} baz = { "abc", 42, -3, 1.4142 };
+
+long array[100];
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.s b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.s
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e60585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/ask/lista9/test.s
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+	.file	"test.c"
+	.text
+	.globl	foobar
+	.type	foobar, @function
+foobar:
+.LFB0:
+	.cfi_startproc
+	endbr64
+	pushq	%rbp
+	.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
+	.cfi_offset 6, -16
+	movq	%rsp, %rbp
+	.cfi_def_cfa_register 6
+	nop
+	popq	%rbp
+	.cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
+	ret
+	.cfi_endproc
+.LFE0:
+	.size	foobar, .-foobar
+	.section	.rodata
+	.align 16
+	.type	baz, @object
+	.size	baz, 24
+baz:
+	.ascii	"abc"
+	.zero	1
+	.long	42
+	.quad	-3
+	.long	1068827777
+	.zero	4
+	.comm	array,800,32
+	.ident	"GCC: (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0"
+	.section	.note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
+	.section	.note.gnu.property,"a"
+	.align 8
+	.long	 1f - 0f
+	.long	 4f - 1f
+	.long	 5
+0:
+	.string	 "GNU"
+1:
+	.align 8
+	.long	 0xc0000002
+	.long	 3f - 2f
+2:
+	.long	 0x3
+3:
+	.align 8
+4:
diff --git a/Semestr 4/pstwo/wyklady/Wyklad 9.pdf b/Semestr 4/pstwo/wyklady/Wyklad 9.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c0e798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/pstwo/wyklady/Wyklad 9.pdf
diff --git a/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/kol1.xopp b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/kol1.xopp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7bd15e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/kol1.xopp
diff --git a/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad1.pdf b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad1.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f142b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad1.pdf
diff --git a/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad2.pdf b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad2.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ca8b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad2.pdf
diff --git a/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad3.pdf b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad3.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fd9835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/rr1r/kol1/zad3.pdf
diff --git a/Semestr 4/rr1r/lista8/L8.pdf b/Semestr 4/rr1r/lista8/L8.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..174c6f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/rr1r/lista8/L8.pdf
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka.tar.xz b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka.tar.xz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac3b1f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka.tar.xz
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/config.h b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/config.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee4eac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef CONFIG_H
+#define CONFIG_H
+
+#define SERVER_PORT 54321
+#define TURN_LEN_S 20
+
+#define INFINITY_DIST 16
+#define REACHABILITY_WAIT_TIME 3
+
+#define DV_DATAGRAM_LEN 9
+
+#define TURN_LEN_MS (1000 * TURN_LEN_S)
+#define TURN_LEN_US (1000000 * TURN_LEN_S)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74ae82e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.c
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include "dist_vector.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+bool is_connected_directly(struct vector_item item) {
+  return item.is_connected_directly;
+}
+
+bool is_reachable(struct vector_item item) {
+  return (item.distance < INFINITY_DIST);
+}
+
+void init_dv(list_t *dv, int n_cnt, struct network_addr *neighbours) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < n_cnt; i++) {
+    struct vector_item new_item;
+    new_item.network = neighbours[i];
+    new_item.distance = INFINITY_DIST;
+    new_item.is_connected_directly = true;
+    insert(dv, &new_item, sizeof(new_item));
+  }
+}
+
+void update_dv_reachability(list_t *distance_vector) {
+  reset(distance_vector);
+  while (distance_vector->it != NULL) {
+    struct vector_item *current = (struct vector_item *)distance_vector->it->data;
+    if(++current->reachable > REACHABILITY_WAIT_TIME) {
+      if (current->distance >= INFINITY_DIST) {
+        if (!is_connected_directly(*current)) {
+          erase_it(distance_vector);
+        }
+      } else {
+        current->distance = INFINITY_DIST;
+        current->reachable = 0;
+      }
+    }
+    iterate(distance_vector);
+  }
+}
+
+void update_dv_new_item(list_t *distance_vector, struct vector_item new_item) {
+  bool new_entry = true;
+  reset(distance_vector);
+  while (distance_vector->it != NULL) {
+    struct vector_item *current = (struct vector_item *)distance_vector->it->data;
+
+    /* If the network is already in the distance vector, then we possibly want to change it:
+     *  - if the new item has better distance than the previous one, then we just want to change it no matter what,
+     *  - if the new item has the same via ip, then we want to check two things:
+     *     - if new item has infinity dist, then we want to set infinity (if it wasn't set, then we want to change reachable to 0)
+     *     - if new item has < inf dist, then we want to change reachable to 0 and set our dist accordingly.
+     *  - else we ignore the entry.
+     */
+    if (get_network_address(current->network).s_addr == get_network_address(new_item.network).s_addr) {
+      if (current->distance > new_item.distance) {
+        *current = new_item;
+        current->reachable = 0;
+      } else if(current->via_ip.s_addr == new_item.via_ip.s_addr) {
+        if (new_item.distance >= INFINITY_DIST) {
+          if (current->distance < INFINITY_DIST) {
+            current->distance = INFINITY_DIST;
+            current->reachable = 0;
+          }
+        } else {
+          current->distance = new_item.distance;
+          current->reachable = 0;
+        }
+      }
+      new_entry = false;
+    }
+
+    iterate(distance_vector);
+  }
+
+  if (new_entry && new_item.reachable < INFINITY_DIST) {
+    insert(distance_vector, &new_item, sizeof(new_item));
+  }
+}
+
+void print_dv(list_t *distance_vector) {
+  time_t rawtime;
+  struct tm * timeinfo;
+
+  time ( &rawtime );
+  timeinfo = localtime ( &rawtime );
+  char t[100];
+  strcpy(t, asctime(timeinfo));
+  t[strlen(t) - 1] = 0;
+  printf("Distance vector [%s]:\n", t);
+  reset(distance_vector);
+  while (distance_vector->it != NULL) {
+    char addr[20], via_addr[20];
+    struct vector_item current  = *(struct vector_item *)distance_vector->it->data;
+    struct in_addr net_addr     = get_network_address(current.network);
+    inet_ntop(AF_INET, &net_addr, addr, sizeof(addr));
+    printf("%s/%d ", addr, current.network.netmask);
+    
+    if (is_reachable(current))          printf("distance %d ", current.distance);
+    else                                printf("unreachable ");
+
+    inet_ntop(AF_INET, &current.via_ip, via_addr, sizeof(via_addr));
+    if (is_connected_directly(current)) printf("connected directly\n");
+    else                                printf("via %s\n", via_addr);
+
+    iterate(distance_vector);
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.h b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14159b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/dist_vector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef DIST_VECTOR_H
+#define DIST_VECTOR_H
+
+#include "linked_list.h"
+#include "network_addr.h"
+#include "config.h"
+
+/* Item of the distance vector. 
+ * If <<reachable>> is set to 0, then it means that the network is reachable.
+ * If <<reachable>> has positive value, then it indicates that the network was
+ * unreachable for <<reachable>> turns.
+ */
+struct vector_item {
+  struct network_addr network;
+  struct in_addr      via_ip;
+  uint16_t            distance;
+  uint8_t             reachable;
+  bool                is_connected_directly;
+};
+
+/* Initis distance vector with given neighbours array. */
+void init_dv(list_t *dv, int n_cnt, struct network_addr *neighbours);
+
+/* Returns true if given distance vector item is connected directly, false otherwise. */
+bool is_connected_directly(struct vector_item item);
+
+/* Updates the distance vector. */
+void update_dv_new_item(list_t *distance_vector, struct vector_item new_item);
+
+/* Updates reachabilities. */
+void update_dv_reachability(list_t *distance_vector);
+
+/* Print distance vector. */
+void print_dv(list_t *distance_vector);
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16113ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include "linked_list.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+node_t *_next(node_t *node) {
+  return (node == NULL) ? NULL : node->next;
+}
+
+void _insert(node_t **head, void *data, size_t data_size) {
+  node_t *new_node = (node_t *)malloc(sizeof(node_t));
+  new_node->data = malloc(data_size);  
+  for (int i = 0; i < data_size; i++)
+    *(uint8_t *)(new_node->data + i) = *(uint8_t *)(data + i);
+  new_node->next = *head;
+  *head = new_node;
+}
+
+void _free_node(node_t *node) {
+  free(node->data);
+  free(node);
+}
+
+void _erase(node_t **head) {
+  node_t *next_node = _next(*head);
+  _free_node(*head);
+  *head = next_node;
+}
+
+void _free_list(node_t *head) {
+  if (head == NULL) return;
+  _free_list(head->next);
+  _free_node(head);
+}
+
+list_t create_list() {
+  list_t ret;
+  ret.head = NULL;
+  ret.it = NULL;
+  return ret;
+}
+
+void insert(list_t *list, void *data, size_t data_size) {
+  _insert(&list->head, data, data_size);
+}
+
+void erase(list_t *list) {
+  _erase(&list->head);
+}
+
+void erase_it(list_t *list) {
+  if(list->it == NULL) return;
+  if(list->prev_it == NULL) {
+    erase(list);
+    reset(list);
+    return;
+  }
+  list->prev_it->next = _next(list->it);
+  _free_node(list->it);
+  list->it = list->prev_it->next;
+}
+
+void iterate(list_t *list) {
+  list->prev_it = list->it;
+  list->it = _next(list->it);
+}
+
+void reset(list_t *list) {
+  list->prev_it = NULL;
+  list->it = list->head;
+}
+
+void free_list(list_t *list) {
+  _free_list(list->head);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.h b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1574b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/linked_list.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef LINKED_LIST_H
+#define LINKED_LIST_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+typedef struct node {
+  void *data;
+  struct node *next;
+} node_t;
+
+
+typedef struct list_t {
+  node_t *head;
+  node_t *it;
+  node_t *prev_it;
+} list_t;
+
+/* Creates an empty list. */
+list_t create_list();
+
+/* Insert a new node in the begining of a list. */
+void insert(list_t *list, void *data, size_t data_size);
+
+/* Erases first node from the list. */
+void erase(list_t *list);
+
+/* Erases element under iterator and sets iterator to the next one. */
+void erase_it(list_t *list);
+
+/* Moves iterator one step. */
+void iterate(list_t *list);
+
+/* Resets the iterator. 
+ * Should execute the function after if you want to itarate unless you didnt insert or erase anything from the list. 
+ */
+void reset(list_t *list);
+
+/* Deletes the whole list. */
+void free_list(list_t *list);
+
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/makefile b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf6a327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+CC		:= gcc
+CFLAGS		:= -O2 -std=gnu17 -Wall -Wall -Wno-unused-result
+TARGET		:= router
+TEST		:= test
+DEPS		:= config.h
+
+ODIR		:= obj
+_OBJ		:= router.o utils.o linked_list.o network_addr.o dist_vector.o
+OBJ		:= $(patsubst %,$(ODIR)/%,$(_OBJ))
+
+_TEST_OBJ := test.o linked_list.o
+TEST_OBJ  := $(patsubst %,$(ODIR)/%,$(_TEST_OBJ))
+
+
+all: $(TARGET)
+test: $(TEST)
+
+$(ODIR)/%.o: %.c $(DEPS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
+
+$(TARGET): $(OBJ)
+	$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(TEST): $(TEST_OBJ)
+	$(CC) -o $@ $^ $(CFLAGS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf $(TARGET)
+	rm -rf test
+
+distclean:
+	rm -rf $(TARGET)
+	rm -rf test
+	rm -rf $(ODIR)/*.o
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cac1060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include "network_addr.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+struct in_addr _get_broadcast_address(struct in_addr addr, uint16_t netmask) {
+  struct in_addr result = addr;
+  result.s_addr = ntohl(result.s_addr);
+  /* bitshift by more than 31 is UB */
+  if (netmask == 0) {
+    result.s_addr = -1;
+  }
+  else {
+    result.s_addr |= ((1 << (32 - netmask)) - 1);
+  }
+  result.s_addr = htonl(result.s_addr);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+struct in_addr _get_network_address(struct in_addr addr, uint16_t netmask) {
+  struct in_addr result = addr;
+  result.s_addr = ntohl(result.s_addr);
+
+  if (netmask == 0) {
+    result.s_addr = 0;
+  }
+  else {
+    result.s_addr &= ~((1 << (32 - netmask)) - 1);
+  }
+  result.s_addr = htonl(result.s_addr);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+struct in_addr get_broadcast_address(struct network_addr na) {
+  return _get_broadcast_address(na.addr, na.netmask);
+}
+
+struct in_addr get_network_address(struct network_addr na) {
+  return _get_network_address(na.addr, na.netmask);
+}
+
+void pretty_print_network(struct network_addr na) {
+  char ip_addr[20];
+  inet_ntop(AF_INET, &na.addr, ip_addr, sizeof(ip_addr));
+  printf("%s/%d\n", ip_addr, na.netmask);
+}
+
+struct network_addr stona(char *str) {
+  struct network_addr  result;
+  char                addr[20];
+  size_t              ip_preffix = strcspn(str, "/");
+  
+  strncpy(addr, str, ip_preffix);
+  addr[ip_preffix] = 0;
+  inet_pton(AF_INET, addr, &(result.addr));
+  result.netmask = atoi(str + ip_preffix + 1);
+  return result;
+}
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.h b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6347bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/network_addr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#ifndef ROUTER_ADDR_H
+#define ROUTER_ADDR_H
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+/* Network address with netmask. */
+struct network_addr {
+  struct in_addr  addr;
+  uint8_t         netmask;
+};
+
+typedef struct network_addr router_addr;
+
+/* Returns broadcast address of a given network. */
+struct in_addr get_broadcast_address(struct network_addr na);
+
+/* Returns network address of a given network. */
+struct in_addr get_network_address(struct network_addr na);
+
+/* Prints network_addr via stdio. */
+void pretty_print_network(struct network_addr na);
+
+/* Converts string of ip in CIDR notation with a netmask to network_addr. */
+struct network_addr stona(char *str);
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/router.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/router.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5e732c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/router.c
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <strings.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include "network_addr.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "dist_vector.h"
+
+uint16_t read_configuration(struct network_addr** networks, uint16_t **dists) {
+  uint16_t n;
+  scanf("%hd", &n);
+  *networks = malloc(n * sizeof(struct network_addr));
+  *dists    = malloc(n * sizeof(uint16_t));
+  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    char addr[20];
+    char _dist[10];
+    uint16_t dist;
+    scanf(" %s %s %hd", addr, _dist, &dist);
+    (*networks)[i] = stona(addr);
+    (*dists)[i] = dist;
+  }
+  return n;
+}
+
+void router_loop(int sockfd, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks, uint16_t *dists) {
+  list_t dv = create_list();
+  init_dv(&dv, networks_number, networks);
+
+  printf("Starting the router loop...\n");
+  for (;;) {
+    print_dv(&dv);
+    propagate_distance_vector(sockfd, networks_number, networks, dists, &dv);
+    listen_for_routers(sockfd, TURN_LEN_MS, networks_number, networks, dists, &dv);
+  }
+}
+
+int main() {
+  struct network_addr* networks;
+  uint16_t *dists;
+  int n = read_configuration(&networks, &dists);
+  int sockfd = get_socket();
+  bind_to_port(sockfd, SERVER_PORT);
+
+  router_loop(sockfd, n, networks, dists);
+
+  close(sockfd);
+  free(networks);
+  free(dists);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/test.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958ff36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include "linked_list.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/* Prints the list of ints to stdio */
+void print_list(list_t list) {
+  printf("List: ");
+  reset(&list);
+  while (list.it != NULL) {
+    printf("%d, ", *(int *)(list.it->data));
+    iterate(&list);
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+  reset(&list);
+}
+
+int main() {
+  int n;
+  scanf("%d", &n);
+  list_t list = create_list();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    int t;
+    scanf("%d", &t);
+    // insert
+    if (t == 0) {
+      int val = 0;
+      scanf("%d", &val);
+      insert(&list, &val, sizeof(int));
+      reset(&list);
+    }
+    if (t == 1) {
+      iterate(&list);
+      if (list.it != NULL)
+        printf("it: %d\n", *(int *)list.it->data);
+      else printf("End of list.\n");
+    }
+    if (t == 2) {
+      erase_it(&list);
+    }
+    if (t == 3) {
+      print_list(list);
+    }
+  }
+
+  free_list(&list);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.c b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c0cae5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ *  Program:  router
+ *  Autor:    Franciszek Malinka, 316093
+ */
+
+#include "utils.h"
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+int get_socket() {
+  int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+  if (sockfd < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Socket error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  return sockfd;
+}
+
+void bind_to_port(int sockfd, uint16_t port) {
+  struct sockaddr_in server_address;
+  bzero(&server_address, sizeof(server_address));
+  server_address.sin_family       = AF_INET;
+  server_address.sin_port         = htons(port);
+  server_address.sin_addr.s_addr  = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
+  
+  if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Bind error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  
+  int broadcastPermission = 1;
+  setsockopt (sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, (void *)&broadcastPermission, sizeof(broadcastPermission));
+}
+
+long get_time_interval(struct timespec start, struct timespec finish) {
+  return S_TO_MS(finish.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) + NS_TO_MS(finish.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec);
+}
+
+int poll_socket_modify_timeout(int sockfd, int *timeout) {
+  if (*timeout < 0) {
+    *timeout = 0;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  struct pollfd fds;
+  struct timespec start;
+  struct timespec finish;
+  
+  fds.fd = sockfd;
+  fds.events = POLLIN;
+  fds.revents = 0;
+  
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &start);
+  int result = poll(&fds, 1, *timeout);
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &finish);
+  
+  if (result == -1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "poll error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  if (result == 0) {
+    *timeout = 0;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  *timeout -= get_time_interval(start, finish);
+  return result;
+}   
+
+size_t send_message(int sockfd, char *buffer, int buffer_len, struct in_addr network) {
+  struct sockaddr_in network_address;
+  bzero (&network_address, sizeof(network_address));
+  network_address.sin_family       = AF_INET;
+  network_address.sin_port         = htons(SERVER_PORT);
+  network_address.sin_addr         = network;
+  
+  return sendto(sockfd, buffer, buffer_len, 0, (struct sockaddr*) &network_address, sizeof(network_address));
+}
+
+size_t recv_message(int sockfd, char *buffer, struct sockaddr_in *sender) {
+  socklen_t sender_len = sizeof(*sender);
+  for (int i = 0; i < DV_DATAGRAM_LEN; i++) buffer[i] = 0;
+  size_t datagram_len = recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, IP_MAXPACKET, 0,
+    (struct sockaddr*)sender, &sender_len);
+  if (datagram_len < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  
+  return datagram_len;
+}
+
+struct vector_item parse_message(char *buffer, struct sockaddr_in *sender) {
+  struct vector_item res;
+  uint32_t ip_addr  = *(uint32_t *)buffer;
+  uint32_t dist     = *(uint32_t *)(buffer + 5);
+  dist              = ntohl(dist);
+
+  res.network.addr.s_addr   = ip_addr;
+  res.network.netmask       = buffer[4];
+  res.is_connected_directly = true;
+  res.via_ip                = sender->sin_addr;
+  res.distance              = (dist < INFINITY_DIST ? dist : INFINITY_DIST);
+  res.reachable             = 0;
+
+  char addr[20];
+  inet_ntop(AF_INET, &res.network.addr, addr, sizeof(addr));
+  char via[20];
+  inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sender->sin_addr, via, sizeof(via));
+  return res;
+}
+
+void _get_message(struct vector_item item, char *message) {
+  *(uint32_t *)message  = item.network.addr.s_addr;
+  message[4]            = item.network.netmask;
+  uint32_t distance     = htonl(item.distance >= INFINITY_DIST ? INT_MAX : item.distance);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+    *(message + 5 + i) = *((char *)(&distance) + i); 
+  }
+}
+
+int _send_item(int sockfd, struct network_addr network, struct vector_item item) {
+  char message[DV_DATAGRAM_LEN + 1];
+  _get_message(item, message);
+  message[DV_DATAGRAM_LEN] = 0;
+  ssize_t message_len = DV_DATAGRAM_LEN;
+
+  struct in_addr na = get_broadcast_address(network);
+  
+  char addr[20];
+  inet_ntop(AF_INET, &na, addr, sizeof(addr));
+
+  int result;
+  if ((result = send_message(sockfd, message, message_len, na)) != message_len) {
+    // fprintf(stderr, "sendto error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+void listen_for_routers(int sockfd, int timeout, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks, uint16_t *dists, list_t *dv) {
+  char buffer[IP_MAXPACKET + 1];
+  struct sockaddr_in sender;
+
+  while (poll_socket_modify_timeout(sockfd, &timeout)) {
+    recv_message(sockfd, buffer, &sender);
+    struct vector_item new_item = parse_message(buffer, &sender);
+
+    bool is_neighbour = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < networks_number; i++) {
+      if (is_from_network(sender.sin_addr, networks[i])) {
+        is_neighbour = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    /* Shouldn't happen, just in case. */
+    if (!is_neighbour) {
+      char addr[20];
+      inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sender.sin_addr, addr, sizeof(addr));
+      fprintf(stderr, "Received datagram from %s, he is in none of my networks, ignoring\n. Maybe his VM routing table is configured incorrectly?\n", addr);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (!is_from_network(sender.sin_addr, new_item.network)) {
+      new_item.is_connected_directly = false;
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < networks_number; i++) {
+          if (is_from_network(sender.sin_addr, networks[i])) {
+          new_item.distance += dists[i];
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } 
+
+    update_dv_new_item(dv, new_item);
+  }
+  update_dv_reachability(dv);
+}
+
+void propagate_distance_vector(int sockfd, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks, uint16_t *dists, list_t *dv) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < networks_number; i++) {
+    reset(dv);
+    while (dv->it != NULL) {
+      struct vector_item data = *(struct vector_item *)dv->it->data;
+      if (!(get_network_address(data.network).s_addr == get_network_address(networks[i]).s_addr) && data.reachable <= REACHABILITY_WAIT_TIME) {
+        _send_item(sockfd, networks[i], data);
+      }
+      iterate(dv);
+    }
+
+    struct vector_item self_item;
+    self_item.distance = dists[i];
+    self_item.network = networks[i];    
+    _send_item(sockfd, networks[i], self_item);
+  }
+}
+
+bool is_from_network(struct in_addr ip_addr, struct network_addr network) {
+  struct network_addr temp;
+  temp.addr= ip_addr;
+  temp.netmask = network.netmask;
+  return (get_network_address(temp).s_addr == get_network_address(network).s_addr);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.h b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edf90d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Semestr 4/sieci/pracownia2/franciszek_malinka/utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#ifndef UTILS_H
+#define UTILS_H
+#define UTILS_H
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include "network_addr.h"
+#include "dist_vector.h"
+
+#define NS_TO_MS(X) ((long)(X) / (long)1000000)
+#define S_TO_MS(X) ((long)(X) * (long)1000)
+
+/* Returns a UDP socket. */
+int get_socket();
+
+/* Binds socket to given port and set the broadcast permission. */
+void bind_to_port(int sockfd, uint16_t port);
+
+/* Computes the time elapsed between start and finish in miliseconds. */
+long get_time_interval(struct timespec start, struct timespec finish);
+
+/* Polls given socket with given timeout and changes the timeout accordingly. */
+int poll_socket_modify_timeout(int sockfd, int *timeout);
+
+/* For debug purposes only. Recieves and prints UDP message. */
+void recv_and_print(int sockfd, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks);
+
+/* Sends message in buffer of length buffer_len to addr through given socket. 
+ * IT DOES NOT TERMINATE THE PROGRAM IF SENDTO RETURNS ANY ERRORS! 
+ * One must handle the errors on their own. 
+ */  
+size_t send_message(int sockfd, char *buffer, int buffer_len, struct in_addr addr);
+
+/* Receive message and write it to buffer. */
+size_t recv_message(int sockfd, char *buffer, struct sockaddr_in *sender);
+
+/* Parse datagram into a vector item. */
+struct vector_item parse_message(char *buffer, struct sockaddr_in *sender);
+
+/* Listnes for routers for timeout ms. */
+void listen_for_routers(int sockfd, int timeout, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks, uint16_t *dists, list_t *dv);
+
+/* Propagates dv to all connected networks. */
+void propagate_distance_vector(int sockfd, int networks_number, struct network_addr *networks, uint16_t *dists, list_t *dv);
+
+/* Checks if given address is in network range. */
+bool is_from_network(struct in_addr ip_addr, struct network_addr network);
+ 
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file