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authorFranciszek Malinka <franciszek.malinka@gmail.com>2022-07-09 14:50:30 +0200
committerFranciszek Malinka <franciszek.malinka@gmail.com>2022-07-09 14:50:30 +0200
commit78636273b73556313468caf37a938a8a408e4b59 (patch)
treef4a0839ce067299914b6a2b1f22f1d0a91e63dec /sections
parente55ffead297fd04fe73e5f7bd6d05a151450fb99 (diff)
Corrects to preliminaries
Diffstat (limited to 'sections')
-rw-r--r--sections/introduction.tex4
-rw-r--r--sections/preliminaries.tex72
2 files changed, 51 insertions, 25 deletions
diff --git a/sections/introduction.tex b/sections/introduction.tex
index 433f3e9..0605356 100644
--- a/sections/introduction.tex
+++ b/sections/introduction.tex
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
Rado graph), the Fraïssé limit of the class of finite undirected graphs.
It serves as a useful example, gives an intuition of the Fraïssé limits,
weak Hrushovski property and free amalgamation. Perhaps most importantly,
- the random graph has a so-called generic automorphism (DODAĆ DEFINICJĘ
- GENERYCZNEGO AUTOMORFIZMU I ZLINKOWAĆ TUTAJ), which was first proved
+ the random graph has a so-called generic automorphism
+ \ref{definition:generic_automorphism}, which was first proved
by Truss in \cite{truss_gen_aut}, where he also introduced the term.
The key theorem \ref{theorem:generic_aut_general}
diff --git a/sections/preliminaries.tex b/sections/preliminaries.tex
index 5f53c0a..47e889e 100644
--- a/sections/preliminaries.tex
+++ b/sections/preliminaries.tex
@@ -52,6 +52,13 @@
}x\}$ is comeagre in $X$.
\end{definition}
+ \begin{definition}
+ \label{definition:generic_automorphism}
+ Let $G = \Aut(M)$ be the automorphism group of structure $M$. We say
+ that $f\in G$ is a \emph{generic automorphism}, if the conjugacy
+ class of $f$ is comeagre in $G$.
+ \end{definition}
+
\begin{definition}
Let $X$ be a nonempty topological space and let
$A\subseteq X$. The \emph{Banach-Mazur game of $A$}, denoted as
@@ -71,8 +78,7 @@
$T$ is \emph{the tree of all legal positions} in the Banach-Mazur game
$G^{\star\star}(A)$ when $T$ consists of all finite sequences $(W_0,
W_1,\ldots, W_n)$, where $W_i$ are nonempty open sets such that
- $W_0\supseteq W_1\supseteq\ldots\supseteq W_n$. In other words, $T$ is
- a pruned tree on $\{W\subseteq X\mid W \textrm{is open nonempty}\}$.
+ $W_0\supseteq W_1\supseteq\ldots\supseteq W_n$.
\end{definition}
\begin{definition}
@@ -109,9 +115,14 @@
playing any $U_1\subseteq V_0$ and $\textit{II}$ plays unique $V_1$
such that $(U_0, V_0, U_1, V_1)\in\sigma$, etc.
+ We will often denote a sequence
+ $U_0 \supseteq V_0 \supseteq U_1 \supseteq V_1 \supseteq\ldots$ of open sets
+ as \emph{an instance} of a Banach-Mazur game, or just simply by a \emph{game}.
+
\begin{definition}
A strategy $\sigma$ is a \emph{winning strategy for $\textit{II}$} if for
- any game $(U_0, V_0\ldots)\in [\sigma]$ player $\textit{II}$ wins, i.e.
+ any instance $(U_0, V_0\ldots)\in [\sigma]$ of the Banach-Mazur game
+ player $\textit{II}$ wins, i.e.
$\bigcap_{n}V_n \subseteq A$.
\end{definition}
@@ -133,7 +144,7 @@
\emph{comprehensive for p} if the family $\cV_p = \{V_{n+1}\mid (U_0,
V_0,\ldots, V_n, U_{n+1}, V_{n+1})\in S\}$ (it may be that $n=-1$, which
means $p=\emptyset$) is pairwise disjoint and $\bigcup\cV_p$ is dense in
- $V_n$ (where we think that $V_{-1} = X$).
+ $V_n$ (where we put $V_{-1} = X$).
We say that $S$ is \emph{comprehensive} if it is comprehensive for
each $p=(U_0, V_0,\ldots, V_n)\in S$.
\end{definition}
@@ -149,8 +160,9 @@
\item $\emptyset\in S$,
\item if $(U_0, V_0, \ldots, U_n)\in S$, then $(U_0, V_0, \ldots, U_n,
V_n)\in S$ for the unique $V_n$ given by the strategy $\sigma$,
- \item let $p = (U_0, V_0, \ldots, V_n)\in S$. For a possible player $I$'s
- move $U_{n+1}\subseteq V_n$ let $U^\star_{n+1}$ be the unique set
+ \item let $p = (U_0, V_0, \ldots, V_n)\in S$. For a possible player
+ move of player I $U_{n+1}\subseteq V_n$ let $U^\star_{n+1}$ be the
+ unique set
player $\mathit{II}$ would respond with by $\sigma$. Now, by Zorn's
Lemma, let $\cU_p$ be a maximal collection of nonempty open subsets
$U_{n+1}\subseteq V_n$ such that the set $\{U^\star_{n+1}\mid
@@ -176,10 +188,12 @@
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item For any open $V_n\subseteq X$ there is at most one $p=(U_0, V_0,
\ldots, U_n, V_n)\in S$.
- \item Let $S_n = \{V_n\mid (U_0, V_0, \ldots, V_n)\in S\}$ for $n\in\bN$
- (i.e. $S_n$ is a family of all possible choices player $\textit{II}$
- can make in its $n$-th move according to $S$). Then $\bigcup S_n$ is
- open and dense in $X$.
+ \end{enumerate}
+ Let $S_n = \{V_n\mid (U_0, V_0, \ldots, V_n)\in S\}$ for $n\in\bN$
+ (i.e. $S_n$ is a family of all possible choices player $\textit{II}$
+ can make in its $n$-th move according to $S$).
+ \begin{enumerate}[resume, label=(\roman*)]
+ \item $\bigcup S_n$ is open and dense in $X$.
\item $S_n$ is a family of pairwise disjoint sets.
\end{enumerate}
\end{lemma}
@@ -218,7 +232,7 @@
V'_{n+1}$. Moreover, there is no such set in
$S_{n+1}\setminus\cV_{p_{V_n}}$, because those sets are disjoint from
$V_{n}$. Hence there is no $V'_{n+1}\in S_{n+1}$ other than $V_n$
- such that $x\in V'_{n+1}$. We've chosen $x$ and $V_{n+1}$ arbitrarily,
+ such that $x\in V'_{n+1}$. We have chosen $x$ and $V_{n+1}$ arbitrarily,
so $S_{n+1}$ is pairwise disjoint.
\end{proof}
@@ -255,11 +269,11 @@
If one adds the word \textit{basic} before each occurrence
of word \textit{open} in previous proofs and theorems then they all
will still be valid (except for $\Rightarrow$, but its an easy fix --
- take $V_n$ a basic open subset of $U_n\cap A_n$).
+ take for $V_n$ a basic open subset of $U_n\cap A_n$).
\end{proof}
This corollary will be important in using the theorem in practice --
- it's much easier to work with basic open sets rather than any open
+ it's much easier to work with basic open sets rather than arbitrary open
sets.
\subsection{Category theory}
@@ -268,23 +282,23 @@
category theory that will be necessary to generalize the key result of the
paper.
- We will use a standard notation. If the reader is interested in detailed
+ We will use a standard notation. If the reader is interested in a more detailed
introduction to the category theory, then it's recommended to take a look
at \cite{maclane_1978}. Here we will shortly describe the standard notation.
A \emph{category} $\cC$ consists of the collection of objects (denoted as
$\Obj(\cC)$, but most often simply as $\cC$) and collection of \emph{morphisms}
$\Mor(A, B)$ between each pair of objects $A, B\in \cC$. We require that
- for each morphisms $f\colon B\to C$, $g\colon A\to B$ there is a morphism
- $f\circ g\colon A\to C$. For every $A\in\cC$ there is an
+ for each pair of morphisms $f\colon B\to C$, $g\colon A\to B$ there is a
+ morphism $f\circ g\colon A\to C$. For every $A\in\cC$ there is an
\emph{identity morphism} $\id_A$ such that for any morphism $f\in \Mor(A, B)$
- it follows that $f\circ id_A = \id_B \circ f$.
+ we have that $f\circ id_A = \id_B \circ f$.
We say that $f\colon A\to B$ is \emph{isomorphism} if there is (necessarily
unique) morphism $g\colon B\to A$ such that $g\circ f = id_A$ and $f\circ g = id_B$.
Automorphism is an isomorphism where $A = B$.
- A \emph{functor} is a ``homeomorphism`` of categories. We say that
+ A \emph{functor} is a ``(homo)morphism`` of categories. We say that
$F\colon\cC\to\cD$ is a functor
from category $\cC$ to category $\cD$ if it associates each object $A\in\cC$
with an object $F(A)\in\cD$, associates each morphism $f\colon A\to B$ in
@@ -293,7 +307,7 @@
$F(f\circ g) = F(f) \circ F(g)$.
In category theory we distinguish \emph{covariant} and \emph{contravariant}
- functors. Here, we only consider \emph{covariant functors}, so we will simply
+ functors. Here, we only consider covariant functors, so we will simply
say \emph{functor}.
\begin{fact}
@@ -302,7 +316,7 @@
to the isomorphism $F(f)\colon F(A)\to F(B)$ in $\cD$.
\end{fact}
- Notion that will be very important for us is a ``morphism of functors``
+ A notion that will be very important for us is a ``morphism of functors``
which is called \emph{natural transformation}.
\begin{definition}
Let $F, G$ be functors between the categories $\cC, \cD$. A \emph{natural
@@ -353,16 +367,28 @@
\end{tikzcd}
\end{center}
- is called a \emph{pushout} diagram
+ is called a \emph{pushout diagram}.
\end{definition}
+ In both definitions of cospan and pushout diagrams we say that the object $C$
+ is the \emph{base} of the diagram.
+
\begin{definition}
The \emph{cospan category} of category $\cC$, referred to as $\Cospan(\cC)$,
is the category of cospan diagrams of $\cC$, where morphisms between
- two cospans are normal transformations of the underlying functors.
+ two cospans are natural transformations of the underlying functors.
We define \emph{pushout category} analogously and call it $\Pushout(\cC)$.
\end{definition}
- TODO: dodać tu przykład?
+ From now on we work in subcategories of cospan diagrams and pushout diagrams
+ where we fix the base structure. Formally, for a fixed
+ $C\in\cC$, category $\Cospan_C(\cC)$ is the category of all cospans in
+ $\Cospan(\cC)$ such that the base of the diagram is $C$.
+ Natural transformation $\eta$ of two diagrams in $\Cospan_C(\cC)$ are
+ such that
+ the morphism $\eta_C\colon C\to C$ is an automorphism of $C$.
+ $\Pushout_C(\cC)$ is defined analogously. In most contexts we consider
+ only one base structure,
+ hence we will often write $\Pushout(\cC)$ instead of $\Pushout_C(\cC)$.
\end{document}